Holocausts
Bosnia Hertzegovina
The massacre at Srebrenica
In October 2004 the BBC reported that the UN war crimes tribunal in The Hague had described the massacre as genocide. In June the Bosnian Serb president admitted for the first time that Serb forces had committed the massacre - but he avoided giving a definite figure for the victims. The massacre occurred after Serb forces stormed a UN-designated safe area during the brutal war in Bosnia-Hercegovina.
The UN war crimes tribunal in The Hague described the massacre as genocide.
About 8,000 Muslim men and boys were massacred in the eastern Bosnian town, in what became the worst atrocity to hit Europe since World War II. Bosnian Serb forces carried out the killings after overrunning the town, which the UN had declared a "safe area".
However the men accused of ordering the massacre - Bosnian Serb leader Radovan Karadzic and his military commander, General Ratko Mladic - are still at large despite efforts to capture them and bring them to trial. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4652435.stm
The UN's highest court has cleared Serbia of direct responsibility for genocide during the 1990s Bosnian war. But the International Court of Justice did rule that Belgrade had violated international law by failing to prevent the 1995 massacre at Srebrenica.
Bosnia brought the case and would have sought billions of dollars from Serbia in compensation if successful.
The case is the first of a state being charged with genocide. Individuals have been convicted of genocide in Bosnia. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/6395791.stm
Radislav Krstic
In March 2000 the BBC reported that Bosnian Serb General Radislav Krstic was found guilty of genocide at the international war crimes tribunal in The Hague for alleged atrocities in the Muslim enclave of Srebrenica - supposedly a UN safe area. Radislav Krstic was sentenced to 46 years in prison, but spared the eight life sentences demanded by prosecutor http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/675733.stm
It was the court's first conviction for genocide - the most serious of war crimes - in connection with the Bosnia war, and the toughest sentence it has passed so far.
"You were there, General Krstic... you are guilty of inflicting incredible suffering"
Judge Almiro Rodrigues
The massacre in the Muslim enclave of Srebrenica - a designated UN safe haven - is regarded as Europe's worst atrocity since World War II. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/1469896.stm
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